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CRAMP Rapid Assessment. Legal Protection Status
Protection ranks is assigned to each station based on geographically defined management status. Five types of marine protected areas (MPA) were used in the rankings. Areas without legal protection were classified as open access stations. The four ranks of MPA are described below.
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Rank 1: Full protection accorded to Natural Area Reserves (NARs), Fisheries Management Areas (FMAs), Marine Life Conservation Districts and Kaho‘olawe Island Reserve where fishing is strictly prohibited except for extremely limited indigenous use.
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Rank 2: Partial protection for Marine Life Conservation Districts (MLCDs) which allows very limited fishing and other consumptive uses. Specific gear restrictions or specific species closure may apply.
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Rank 3: Limited protection for Fisheries Replenishment Areas (FRAs) restricted aquarium fish collecting.
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Rank 4: No legal protection, i.e., open access areas, includes stations without geographically designated restrictions.
Last Update: 04/21/2008
By: Lea Hollingsworth
Hawai‘i Coral Reef Assessment & Monitoring Program
Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology
P.O. Box 1346
Kāne‘ohe, HI 96744
808-236-7440 phone
808-236-7443 fax
email: jokiel@hawaii.edu